Prognosis and treatment of Wilms' tumor at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children--1960-1972

Abstract

Eighty-one children with a diagnosis of Wilms' tumor who were treated at the Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children between 1960 and 1972 are reviewed. The National Wilms' Tumor Study group staging system is used. Distribution by age and sex in each stage together with survival rate is given. Treatment and prognostic factors are discussed. Wilms' tumor is most common in children below the age of 3 years. There was a survival rate of 87% in Stage I, 36% in Stage II, 8% in Stage III, and 33% in Stage IV. The survival was worse in patients with locally advanced tumor than in patients who had pulmonary metastases in association with a locally resectable tumor. Whole abdominal irradiation is necessary in all patients in whom the tumor has breached the renal capsule. Single agent chemotherapy has not proved effective in preventing relapse in patients with advanced tumors. More intensive therapy is needed in this group to prevent both local recurrence and distant metastases. The addition of multiple drug chemotherapy to nephrectomy and whole abdominal irradiation is already improving the disease-free survival.