How do social-psychological concerns impede the delivery of care to people with HIV? Issues for dental education

Abstract

Oral health is an essential aspect of the overall medical care for patients with HIV. However, fear of status disclosure is a significant barrier to access to care. Preparing future oral health care providers to maintain all aspects of confidentiality and to understand the role stigma plays in the lives of HIV-positive individuals are critical issues that must be addressed by dental education. To provide important perspectives regarding HIV-related stigma and confidentiality, data from the HAART (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy) Project is presented. This study is a five-year National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID)-funded longitudinal qualitative study of sero-positive African Americans' adherence to antiretroviral therapy (N=137). The current literature regarding HIV patient confidentiality and student attitudes regarding HIV/AIDS is also reviewed. Findings suggest that dental student attitudes may be improved by providing more comprehensive experiences and information and that procedures in place in dental clinics should be continuously monitored to ensure that patient confidentiality is maintained. Strategies for addressing these important issues in dental education are presented. Ensuring that dental school graduates are well prepared to maintain confidentiality with sensitivity to the role stigma plays in HIV disease has the potential to enhance access to health care.