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. 2006 Oct;15(10):1878-85.
doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0092.

Genetic ancestry and risk factors for breast cancer among Latinas in the San Francisco Bay Area

Elad Ziv  1 , Esther M John, Shweta Choudhry, Jennifer Kho, Wendy Lorizio, Eliseo J Perez-Stable, Esteban Gonzalez Burchard
Affiliations

Genetic ancestry and risk factors for breast cancer among Latinas in the San Francisco Bay Area

Elad Ziv et al. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006 Oct.

Abstract

Background: Genetic association studies using case-control designs are susceptible to false-positive and false-negative results if there are differences in genetic ancestry between cases and controls. We measured genetic ancestry among Latinas in a population-based case-control study of breast cancer and tested the association between ancestry and known breast cancer risk factors. We reasoned that if genetic ancestry is associated with known breast cancer risk factors, then the results of genetic association studies would be confounded.

Methods: We used 44 ancestry informative markers to estimate individuals' genetic ancestry in 563 Latina participants. To test whether ancestry is a predictor of hormone therapy use, parity, and body mass index (BMI), we used multivariate logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) associated with a 25% increase in Indigenous American ancestry, adjusting for age, education, and the participant's and grandparents' place of birth.

Results: Hormone therapy use was significantly less common among women with higher Indigenous American ancestry (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.63-0.96). Higher Indigenous American ancestry was also significantly associated with overweight (BMI, 25-29.9 versus <25) and obesity (BMI, > or =30 versus <25), but only among foreign-born Latina women (OR, 3.44; 95% CI, 1.97-5.99 and OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.24-3.06, respectively).

Conclusion: Some breast cancer risk factors are associated with genetic ancestry among Latinas in the San Francisco Bay Area. Therefore, case-control genetic association studies for breast cancer should directly measure genetic ancestry to avoid potential confounding.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of individual ancestry estimates. Each graph represents the distribution of ancestry for Indigenous American, European, or African ancestry.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Association between markers and breast cancer (A) and between individual markers and obesity (B). Each point represents a single marker with association before ancestry adjustment (x-axis) and after ancestry adjustment (y-axis). Dotted lines are the threshold of nominal significance (P < 0.05).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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