Use of a centrifuge-based automated blood cell counter for radiation dose assessment

Abstract

Hematological changes create early-response biomarkers for assessing radiation doses. Existing dose-prediction models are based on serial blood lymphocyte counts after acute whole-body exposure to gamma-radiation. Measurements of lymphocyte-depletion kinetics after possible exposures are useful for triaging patients and managing medical resources. The small-footprint QBC Autoread Plus System provides cost-effective hematological analyses with reproducibility, accuracy, and a broad dynamic range. QBC analysis measures centrifugally packed, whole blood cells in microhematocrit tubes and reports pooled lymphocyte and monocyte counts. Our objective was to modify this procedure to report pure lymphocyte counts for radiation biodosimetry applications. The CD14 antigen is strongly expressed on most human monocytes. Using anti-CD14-coated Dynabeads, we have devised a rapid method for depleting monocytes from whole blood without altering the lymphocyte viability or count. This simple dry procedure provides reliable lymphocyte counts for results that fall within the normal lymphocyte count range (1-4 x 10(9) cells per L) for radiation exposure assessment using lymphocyte-depletion kinetics.