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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2007 Apr 17;88(1):54-63.
doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.09.019. Epub 2006 Oct 23.

Voucher reinforcement improves medication adherence in HIV-positive methadone patients: a randomized trial

James L Sorensen  1 , Nancy A Haug, Kevin L Delucchi, Valerie Gruber, Evan Kletter, Steven L Batki, Jacqueline P Tulsky, Paul Barnett, Sharon Hall
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Voucher reinforcement improves medication adherence in HIV-positive methadone patients: a randomized trial

James L Sorensen et al. Drug Alcohol Depend. .

Abstract

This clinical trial evaluated a contingency management intervention designed to improve medication adherence among HIV-positive methadone maintenance patients. After a 4-week baseline observation phase, eligible participants (N=66) were randomly assigned to: (a) medication coaching sessions every other week to assist with adherence strategies (comparison group) or (b) medication coaching plus voucher reinforcement for opening electronic medication caps on time (voucher group). Baseline adherence (percent doses taken/percent total possible doses) was 51% using electronic measurement, 75% using self-report and 75% using pill count. The intervention was provided for 12 weeks, with a 4-week follow-up. The primary outcome results of the clinical trial indicated effectiveness during the intervention, with significant mean adherence differences between voucher and comparison groups using electronic measurement (78% versus 56%), pill count (86% versus 75%), and self-report (87% versus 69%). Differences between groups faded after vouchers were discontinued. Contingency management shows promise as a strategy to promote antiretroviral medication adherence in this population.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Medication Adherence: Weekly On-Time Medication-Cap Openings
Figure 2
Figure 2
Medication Adherence: Pill Counts
Figure 3
Figure 3
Medication Adherence: Self-Reported Adherence
Figure 4
Figure 4
Medication Adherence: Longest Days of Continuous Medication-Cap Openings by Phase
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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