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. 2006 Dec 15:5:123.
doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-5-123.

A community-based health education programme for bio-environmental control of malaria through folk theatre (Kalajatha) in rural India

Susanta K Ghosh  1 , Rajan R Patil, Satyanarayan Tiwari, Aditya P Dash
Affiliations

A community-based health education programme for bio-environmental control of malaria through folk theatre (Kalajatha) in rural India

Susanta K Ghosh et al. Malar J. .

Abstract

Background: Health education is an important component in disease control programme. Kalajatha is a popular, traditional art form of folk theatre depicting various life processes of a local socio-cultural setting. It is an effective medium of mass communication in the Indian sub-continent especially in rural areas. Using this medium, an operational feasibility health education programme was carried out for malaria control.

Methods: In December 2001, the Kalajatha events were performed in the evening hours for two weeks in a malaria-affected district in Karnataka State, south India. Thirty local artists including ten governmental and non-governmental organizations actively participated. Impact of this programme was assessed after two months on exposed vs. non-exposed respondents.

Results: The exposed respondents had significant increase in knowledge and change in attitude about malaria and its control strategies, especially on bio-environmental measures (p < 0.001). They could easily associate clean water with anopheline breeding and the role of larvivorous fish in malaria control. In 2002, the local community actively co-operated and participated in releasing larvivorous fish, which subsequently resulted in a noteworthy reduction of malaria cases. Immediate behavioural changes, especially maintenance of general sanitation and hygiene did not improve as much as expected.

Conclusion: This study was carried out under the primary health care system involving the local community and various potential partners. Kalajatha conveyed the important messages on malaria control and prevention to the rural community. Similar methods of communication in the health education programme should be intensified with suitable modifications to reach all sectors, if malaria needs to be controlled.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Rehearsal of the Kalajatha programme in the evening at the Kuppur Mutt (religious trust). A trainer was directing the artists.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Public awareness campaign for the Kalajatha programme. Local high school children, teachers and Gram Panchayat members took part in the campaign.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Inauguration of the Kalajatha programme, December 2001. The Minister-in-Charge of Tumkur district, local Gram Panchayat members, Head, Kuppur Mutt, district health officials, members from NIMR, CHC, Bangalore and others were present.
Figure 4
Figure 4
A glimpse of the Kalajatha programme performed by the artists. The artists are presenting the various sings and symptoms of malaria.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Sharing the experience of the Kalajatha programme in the valedictory function. The Director, Health and Family Welfare Services; Head, Kuppur Mutt, members from NIMR, CHC and local Gram Panchayat members and other local health officials participated in the function.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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