Occupational autoeczematization or atopic eczema precipitated by occupational contact dermatitis?

Abstract

Autoeczematization is characterized by the sudden dissemination of a previously localised form of eczema. While widely described, most cases reported have followed chronic, localized stasis dermatitis. In this study, we describe the clinical scenario of occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) triggering endogenous-like eczema in atopic individuals, who often have not had eczema since childhood, if at all. These cases appear similar to previously described cases of autoeczematization. To show this clinical scenario, a series of 6 patients is presented from the Occupational Dermatology Clinic in Melbourne, Australia. These workers initially developed OCD, usually affecting the hands, which then precipitated a flare of more generalized eczema. This appeared clinically consistent with atopic eczema (AE), and often became recurrent, and sometimes persistent. OCD can precipitate a flare of more generalized eczema, in a pattern consistent with AE, which may then persist. The clinical scenario is similar to that described for autoeczematization. It is possible that the pathophysiology, when clarified, will prove to be similar. Workers' compensation issues may become complicated for these patients, as the relationship between their generalized eczema and their occupational exposures may not be readily apparent. As a result, the work relatedness of their condition may not be recognized.