Melanoma metastatic to stomach, small bowel, or colon

Abstract

Approximately 60% of patients who die from melanoma have gastrointestinal (GI) metastases at autopsy, yet antemortem diagnosis is uncommon. A retrospective review was completed on 32 patients who underwent an operation at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center between 1977 and 1987 for complications of melanoma metastatic to the stomach, small bowel, or colon. Operations were most often performed on an emergent basis, and indications included bleeding or anemia in 12, obstruction in 10, abdominal pain in 8, intestinal perforation in 1, and acute GI bleeding with obstruction in 1. GI involvement was the first sign of metastatic disease in 10 patients. Median survival after operation was 6.2 months (range: 1 to 42 months). Five patients were alive 2 years after operation, although only one remains free of disease 39 months after complete resection of a single site. Operative mortality was 3%, and 94% of patients were discharged from the hospital. Due to the low operative mortality, surgical palliation should be considered for those in whom the quality of life may be improved.