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. 2006 Dec 6;4(1):13-8.
doi: 10.7150/ijms.4.13.

HIV DNA and dementia in treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected individuals in Bangkok, Thailand

Bruce Shiramizu  1 , Silvia Ratto-Kim, Pasiri Sithinamsuwan, Samart Nidhinandana, Sataporn Thitivichianlert, George Watt, Mark deSouza, Thippawan Chuenchitra, Suchitra Sukwit, Suwicha Chitpatima, Kevin Robertson, Robert Paul, Cecilia Shikuma, Victor Valcour
Affiliations

HIV DNA and dementia in treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected individuals in Bangkok, Thailand

Bruce Shiramizu et al. Int J Med Sci. .

Abstract

High HIV-1 DNA (HIV DNA) levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) correlate with HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD) in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). If this relationship also exists among HAART-naïve patients, then HIV DNA may be implicated in the pathogenesis of HAD. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between HIV DNA and cognition in subjects naïve to HAART in a neuro AIDS cohort in Bangkok, Thailand. Subjects with and without HAD were recruited and matched for age, gender, education, and CD4 cell count. PBMC and cellular subsets were analyzed for HIV DNA using real-time PCR. The median log(10) HIV DNA copies per 10(6) PBMC for subjects with HAD (n=15) was 4.27, which was higher than that found in subjects without dementia (ND; n=15), 2.28, p<0.001. This finding was unchanged in a multivariate model adjusting for plasma HIV-1 RNA levels. From a small subset of individuals, in which adequate number of cells were available, more HIV DNA was in monocytes/macrophages from those with HAD compared to those with ND. These results are consistent with a previous report among HAART-experienced subjects, thus further implicating HIV DNA in the pathogenesis of HAD.

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Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICT OF INTERESTS: The authors declare no conflict of interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
HIV DNA in Subjects with HAD vs. Non-HAD. Log10 HIV DNA levels in subjects with HAD (n=15; median=4.27) are higher than those without HAD (ND, n=15; median=2.28), p<0.001.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Phenotypic Expression of CD14+ and CD14- Sorted Subsets. Cells from sorted fractions were stained for CD14. A, B) Two examples of CD14-stained sorted cell populations from monocyte fractions from two different subjects demonstrating the majority of cells isolated were CD14+ (82.3% and 92.3%); C) CD14-negative subset showing low CD14-staining (0.49%).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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