Surgery for large vestibular schwannomas: how patients and surgeons perceive quality of life

Abstract

Object: The aim of this study was to assess the consequences of total removal of a large vestibular schwannoma on the patient's symptoms and quality of life (QOL).

Methods: A questionnaire regarding preoperative and postoperative symptoms with measures of both daily and global QOL and a modified 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) QOL instrument were sent to 103 patients who had undergone surgery via a retrosigmoid approach for total removal of a Grade III or IV vestibular schwannoma. In addition, 48 patients underwent follow-up clinical examinations to assess their conditions. Seventy-two of the 103 patients completed and returned the questionnaire. Forty-six (64%) of the schwannomas were Grade IV and 26 (36%) were Grade III. The patients' pre- and postoperative symptoms were similar to those reported in other studies. The patients' perceptions of facial movement were likely to be worse than the clinicians' estimation based on the House-Brackmann classification. All scores in the QOL categories were significantly reduced when compared with normative data. Patients with large vestibular schwannomas had lower scores in all SF-36 categories except pain compared with data from other studies. Psychological problems were the preponderant symptoms, and their presence was the most powerful predictive variable for global and daily QOL.

Conclusions: Surgery for a large vestibular schwannoma has a significant impact on the patient's QOL. To improve QOL postoperatively, the patient should be prepared and well informed of the consequences of such a surgery on QOL. Clinicians must be aware that early involvement of a clinical psychologist may be very helpful.