[Epilepsy and rehabilitation]

Abstract

Background: Epilepsy is a common term for different syndromes and diseases, which are all characterized by repeated unprovoked epileptic seizures. Large variations in seizure types, severity and presence of co-morbidity necessitate very diverse rehabilitation efforts.

Material and methods: Based on a literature review and the authors' own clinical experience, the rehabilitation approach to epilepsy is discussed.

Results and interpretation: Epilepsy is a complex medical disorder and the rehabilitation process must address many aspects. Although 2/3 of patients achieve a satisfactory seizure control with current antiepileptic drugs, they may still have considerable epilepsy-related problems, such as drug-related side effects or psychosocial difficulties. The remaining 1/3 who continue to have seizures, need regular specialist follow-up, as well as multidisciplinary evaluations to ensure comprehensive, individually tailored rehabilitation programmes. The aim of the rehabilitation is to eliminate or reduce the medical and social consequences of the disease. Counselling and education of patients are important elements. In Norway, the importance of providing adequate medical information has now been acknowledged through legislation. The rehabilitation needs for people with epilepsy are far from covered. A controlled study has recently demonstrated a significant effect of a nurse-led intervention programme on quality of life parameters in patients with uncontrolled epilepsy. We recommend specially assigned epilepsy nurses in all departments treating individuals with epilepsy.