Mechanisms of status epilepticus: an evidence-based review

Abstract

(1) Status epilepticus is a significant health problem that is under-recognized, yet is associated with major morbidity and mortality. (2) Mechanisms accounting for status epilepticus emergence from a single seizure, and for prolonged status epilepticus duration, remain unclear. (3) No randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, or meta-analyses were found in any of the databases searched regarding the pathophysiologic mechanisms of status epilepticus in humans. (4) Ongoing and future research is likely to more clearly define the pathogenetic mechanisms of status epilepticus. This, in turn, is likely to encourage better treatment 'targeting' for particular aspects of the condition.