Predictors of subjective impairment after stroke: influence of depression, gender and severity of stroke

Abstract

Primary objective: The aim of this prospective study was to identify factors that are associated with stroke survivors' own perception of their impairments in various domains.

Research design: 104 patients were examined twice, both on admission to rehabilitation treatment and one year later.

Methods and procedures: Multiple linear regression analyses were used: Gender, age, diagnosis, location, Barthel Index and depression served as predictor variables. The perceived impairments were established with the Patient Competency Rating.

Main outcomes and results: Patients' initial depression was identified as being the main predictor for perceived impairment. Gender differences were also found; men were seen to have suffered from a considerable increase in perceived impairment.

Conclusions: Patients' self-reports can be used as a valid measurement of their disabilities in various domains. The impact of depression and the gender differences indicate that rehabilitation should focus more strongly on interventions that promote emotional coping and reduce depressive symptoms.