[A double-blind trial of nicotine patches in smoking cessation]

Abstract

The use of nicotine chewing gum combined with psychological support improves the success rate in stopping smoking. We studied the safety and efficacy of a transdermal nicotine patch in stopping smoking. We conducted a double-blind randomized study comparing the effect of a 16-hour nicotine patch (15 +/- 3.5 mg of nicotine in 16 hours) with those of a placebo patch. Of the 289 smokers (207 women and 82 men) enrolled in the study, 145 were treated with nicotine patches and 144 with placebo patches for 16 weeks. The rates of sustained abstinence were significantly better with active treatment than with the placebo: 53, 41, 24 and 17% of those in the nicotine-patch group were abstinent after 6, 12, 26, and 52 weeks, respectively, as compared with 17, 10, 5 and 4% of those in the placebo-patch group (p less than 0.0001). Only two subjects with the nicotine patch and one with the placebo patch withdrew from the study because of side effects. The nicotine skin patch proved to be safe and effective, as demonstrated by a higher rate of abstinence than with the placebo.