[Clinical manifestations and epidemiological aspects leading to a diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis: neurological and psychiatric manifestations in the course of Lyme borreliosis]

Abstract

Lyme disease is associated with various systemic and neurological manifestations. The neurological and psychiatric manifestations of Lyme disease are more frequently observed during its secondary phase (stage 2) than during its late tertiary phase (stage 3). In stage 2, cerebrospinal fluid and bacterial tests are consistent with the ongoing infection. Painful meningoradiculitis, encephalomyelitis and encephalitis, and symptoms of depression are the most characteristic at this stage. The diagnosis should be based on the association of clinical, epidemiological, and biological features. Adequate treatment usually leads to recovery. In stage 3 of the disease, the link between neurological manifestations and initial infection is uncertain. Distal axonal polyneuropathy and chronic encephalopathy are the most frequently reported presentations.