Influence of implant bed preparation using an Er:YAG laser on the osseointegration of titanium implants: a histomorphometrical study in dogs

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of implant bed preparation using an Er:YAG laser on the osseointegration of titanium implants. A total of 24 implant channels were prepared in the lower jaws of four beagle dogs using (i) an Er:YAG laser device (ERL), or (ii) conventional drills (CD) according to a split-mouth design (n=6 implant channels per animal). Three screw-type titanium implants of different manufacturers were randomly inserted in both groups to evaluate submerged healing at 2 and 12 weeks. Width of the peri-implant gap (WPG) and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) were assessed histomorphometrically. There were no identifiable signs of any thermal side effects in both groups. ERL osteotomy frequently resulted in wide peri-implant gaps particularly in the apical area of the implant supporting bone. The following mean scores were assessed (+/-s.d.): WPG (2 weeks): ERL: 0.89+/-0.48 mm; CD: 0.27+/-0.09 mm (P<0.001 respectively); BIC (2 weeks): ERL: 34.5+/-7.76%; CD: 48.5+/-11.08% (P<0.001 respectively); BIC (12 weeks): ERL: 64.1+/-8.97%; CD: 68.94+/-11.23% (P>0.05 respectively). Within the limits of the present study, it was concluded that ERL may represent a promising tool for implant bed preparation.