Quinolizidine alkaloids from plants and their cell suspension cultures

Abstract

The alkaloid composition of cell suspension cultures and differentiated plants of Lupinus polyphyllus was evaluated using quartz capillary gas-liquid chromatography, GLC-MS and FD-MS. Lupanine (97% of total alkaloids), sparteine, 13-angeloyloxylupanine and 13-tigloyloxylupanine were detected in alkaloid extracts of L. polyphyllus cell suspension cultures. Lupanine, 13-cis and 13-trans-cinnamoyloxylupanine were found in the spent cell culture medium. No significant difference was found in the alkaloid composition of photomixotrophic and heterotrophic cell strains although the alkaloid content was 5 to 10 times higher in photomixotrophic cell strains. In the respective plants we could identify 18 alkaloids which include the following esters of 13-hydroxylupanine: 13-tigloyloxylupanine, 13-angeloyloxylupanine, 13-cis-cinnamoyloxylupanine, 13-trans-cinnamoyloxylupanine, 13-benzoyloxylupanine, 13-(2-methylbutyryl)-oxylupanine; and 13-vanilloyloxylupanine.