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Review
. 2007 May;96(5):611-6.
doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00241.x.

Cryptorchidism: classification, prevalence and long-term consequences

Helena E Virtanen  1 , Robert Bjerknes, Dina Cortes, Niels Jørgensen, Ewa Rajpert-De Meyts, Arni V Thorsson, Jørgen Thorup, Katharina M Main
Affiliations
Review

Cryptorchidism: classification, prevalence and long-term consequences

Helena E Virtanen et al. Acta Paediatr. 2007 May.

Abstract

Undescended testis is a common finding in boys, and the majority of cases have no discernible aetiology. There are unexplained geographical differences and temporal trends in its prevalence. Cryptorchidism, especially bilateral, is associated with impaired spermatogenesis and endocrine function and increases the risk of testicular cancer. There is an urgent need to identify factors that adversely affect testicular development and optimize treatment.

Conclusion: Cryptorchidism may reflect a primary testicular maldevelopment with long-term consequences.

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