Prednisolone co-administered with losartan confers renoprotection in patients with IgA nephropathy

Abstract

Background: Treatment options for progressive IgA nephropathy are limited.

Methods: We performed a small, randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of prednisolone (PSL, 30 mg/dL, gradually tapered to 5 mg/dL over two years) plus 50 mg/day of losartan (LST, an angiotensin II receptor blocker) or PSL alone on IgA nephropathy. We separated 38 patients (age, 33 +/- 11 years; creatinine clearance, 103 +/- 31 mL/min; proteinuria, 1.6 +/- 0.5 g/day) into two groups that were treated with either PSL plus LST or PSL alone, and compared the proteinuria and creatinine clearance after two years. Baseline and histopathological data did not significantly differ between the two groups.

Results: Two years of treatment in both groups significantly decreased proteinuria compared with baseline, and PSL plus LST (from 1.6 +/- 0.6 to 0.3 +/- 0.1 g/day, p < 0.05) was more effective than PSL alone (from 1.6 +/- 0.3 to 0.5 +/- 0.1 g/day, p < 0.05). Creatinine clearance in both groups was similar at the start of study but significantly differed at the end of the study (PSL plus LST, 104.3 +/- 36.4 to 100.4 +/- 38.9 mL/min; PSL alone, 103.4 +/- 28.5 to 84.8 +/- 34.3 mL/min, p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Combined therapy with PSL plus LST appears to be more effective than PSL alone in reducing proteinuria and protecting renal function in patients with IgA nephropathy.

Figure 1

Blood pressure levels between the two groups. *Compared with baseline, p < 0.01; **compared with baseline, p < 0.05; ^#comparison between the PSL + LST group and PSL-alone group, p < 0.05. Abbreviations: PSL = prednisolone; LST = losartan.

Figure 2

Creatinine clearance levels between the two groups. *Compared with baseline, p < 0.05. Abbreviation: Ccr=creatinine clearance.

Figure 3

Proteinuria levels between the two groups. *Compared with baseline, p < 0.01; **compared with baseline, p < 0.01; ^#comparison between the PSL + LST group and PSL-alone group, p < 0.05. Abbreviations: PSL = prednisolone; LST = losartan.