Platelet function and antiplatelet therapy

Abstract

Background: Platelets have roles other than haemostasis and many are relevant to surgical practice. This review examines both the pathophysiology of platelets in haemostasis and thrombosis, and other roles of clinical importance.

Methods: A literature review of the various functional roles of platelets was performed (Medline search, English language) including their action in inflammation (in particular in atherothrombosis), antimicrobial defence and tumour growth. Current clinical evidence for antiplatelet therapy is also reviewed.

Results and conclusion: Platelet functions are multiple, complex and not limited to haemostasis. Understanding of platelet pathophysiology continues to grow and this is relevant to many aspects of surgical practice, particularly the clinical use of antiplatelet therapy.