Impact of significant chronic kidney disease on long-term clinical outcomes after drug-eluting stent versus bare metal stent implantation

Abstract

Background: Higher rates of clinical and angiographic restenosis have been reported after coronary stenting in patients with significant chronic kidney disease (CKD). Whether drug-eluting stents (DES) can reduce long-term clinical events in CKD patients compared with bare metal stents (BMS) has not been established.

Methods: The study enrolled 104 consecutive significant CKD patients (estimated creatinine clearance <60 ml/min) treated with DES for 142 de novo coronary lesions, comprising 76 patients treated with sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) for 106 lesions and 28 patients treated with paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES) for 36 lesions. Data from these patients were compared to those from a control group comprising 50 patients treated with BMS during the preceding 1 year.

Results: There were no differences in terms of baseline clinical characteristics except that the patients of the DES group were older, had a higher ratio of insulin treatment for diabetes mellitus, and had a more frequent history of previous percutaneous coronary intervention. The patients in the DES group had more unfavorable lesion characteristics with smaller reference vessel diameter (2.8 mm versus 3.3 mm; P<0.001) and longer lesion length (28.8 mm versus 20.5 mm; P<0.001) than those in the BMS group. Compared to BMS, DES implantation had a lower 1-year major adverse cardiac events rate (cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction or target vessel revascularization) (12% versus 26%; P=0.042). There were no significant differences between the SES and PES groups in terms of clinical outcomes.

Conclusions: DES implantation for de novo coronary lesions in significant CKD patients reduces 1-year clinical events compared with BMS implantation.