Ophthalmoplegia, proptosis, and lid retraction caused by cranial nerve hypertrophy in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy

Abstract

A 53-year-old woman with long-standing chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) developed progressive proptosis, lid retraction, and ophthalmoplegia. MRI showed enlarged, enhancing cranial nerves that initially gave rise to diagnostic confusion with Graves disease or orbitocavernous mass lesions. This report further documents that CIDP may cause hypertrophy of ocular motor and trigeminal nerves with imaging features that suggest alternative causes.