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. 2007 Mar;13(3):485-7.
doi: 10.3201/eid1303.060988.

Clostridium difficile in retail ground meat, Canada

Alexander Rodriguez-Palacios  1 , Henry R Staempfli, Todd Duffield, J Scott Weese
Affiliations

Clostridium difficile in retail ground meat, Canada

Alexander Rodriguez-Palacios et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007 Mar.

Abstract

Clostridium difficile was isolated from 12 (20%) of 60 retail ground meat samples purchased over a 10-month period in 2005 in Canada. Eleven isolates were toxigenic, and 8 (67%) were classified as toxinotype III. The human health implications of this finding are unclear, but with the virulence of toxinotype III strains further studies are required.

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Figures

Figure
Figure
Comparison of PCR ribotypes of Clostridium difficile isolates from meat and of human, bovine, and canine origin in Ontario, Canada, 2005, by using the method of Bidet et al (10). PCR 077, 014, and 027 represent international ribotype nomenclature recently reported for calves (4). PCR M26 and M31 are temporary ribotype designations. Note that PCR M31 and 027, both NAP1/toxinotype III ribotypes, are different.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. Rodriguez-Palacios A, Stämpfli H, Duffield T, Peregrine AS, Trotz-Williams LA, Arroyo LG, et al. Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes in calves, Canada. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12:1730–6. - PMC - PubMed
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