Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2007 Apr;13(4):539-46.
doi: 10.3201/eid1304.061266.

Influenza (H5N1) viruses in poultry, Russian Federation, 2005-2006

Aleksandr S Lipatov  1 , Vasily A Evseenko, Hui-Ling Yen, Anna V Zaykovskaya, Alexander G Durimanov, Sergey I Zolotykh, Sergey V Netesov, Ilya G Drozdov, Gennadiy G Onishchenko, Robert G Webster, Alexander M Shestopalov
Affiliations

Influenza (H5N1) viruses in poultry, Russian Federation, 2005-2006

Aleksandr S Lipatov et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007 Apr.

Abstract

We studied 7 influenza (H5N1) viruses isolated from poultry in western Siberia and the European part of the Russian Federation during July 2005-February 2006. Full genome sequences showed high homology to Qinghai-like influenza (H5N1) viruses. Phylogenetic analysis not only showed a close genetic relationship between the H5N1 strains isolated from poultry and wild migratory waterfowls but also suggested genetic reassortment among the analyzed isolates. Analysis of deduced amino acid sequences of the M2 and neuraminidase proteins showed that all isolates are potentially sensitive to currently available antiviral drugs. Pathogenicity testing showed that all studied viruses were highly pathogenic in chickens; for 3 isolates tested in mice and 2 tested in ferrets, pathogenicity was heterogeneous. Pathogenicity in mammalian models was generally correlated with Lys at residue 627 of polymerase basic protein 2.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Spread of influenza (H5N1) in the Russian Federation, 2005–2006. Locations and dates of outbreaks of disease in poultry and wild waterfowl (1 outbreak in mute swans, Astrakhan region, Nov 2005) investigated by Federal State Research Institute Research Center for Virology and Biotechnology “Vector.”
Figure 2
Figure 2
Phylogenetic relationships of the hemagglutinin (HA) (A), neuraminidase (NA) (B), polymerase basic protein 2 (PB2) (C), and nonstructural (NS) (D) genes of the 7 influenza (H5N1) viruses. Nucleotide sequences were analyzed by using the neighbor-joining method with 100 bootstraps. The HA phylogenetic tree was rooted to the HA gene of A/goose/Guangdong/1/96 (H5N1) virus. The NA phylogenetic tree was rooted to the NA gene of Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) virus. The PB2 and NS trees were rooted to the PB2 and NS genes of B/Lee/40 virus.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Replication of influenza (H5N1) viruses in ferret upper respiratory tract. Male 8-month-old outbred ferrets were inoculated intranasally with 106 50% egg infectious dose (EID50) of virus in 0.5 mL phosphate-buffered saline. Virus titers are the mean ± SD from 3 ferrets, expressed as log10 EID50/mL of nasal wash fluid. *Virus was detected in 2 ferrets. †Virus was detected in 1 ferret.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Chen H, Deng G, Li Z, Tian G, Li Y, Jiao P, et al. The evolution of H5N1 influenza viruses in ducks in southern China. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004;101:10452–7. 10.1073/pnas.0403212101 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Guan Y, Poon LL, Cheung CY, Ellis TM, Lim W, Lipatov AS, et al. H5N1 influenza: a protean pandemic threat. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004;101:8156–61. 10.1073/pnas.0402443101 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Subbarao K, Klimov A, Katz J, Regnery H, Lim W, Hall H, et al. Characterization of an avian influenza A (H5N1) virus isolated from a child with a fatal respiratory illness. Science. 1998;279:393–6. 10.1126/science.279.5349.393 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Claas EC, Osterhaus AD, van Beek R, De Jong JC, Rimmelzwaan GF, Senne DA, et al. Human influenza A H5N1 virus related to a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus. Lancet. 1998;351:472–7. 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)11212-0 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Li KS, Guan Y, Wang J, Smith GJ, Xu KM, Duan L, et al. Genesis of a highly pathogenic and potentially pandemic H5N1 influenza virus in eastern Asia. Nature. 2004;430:209–13. 10.1038/nature02746 - DOI - PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources