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Comparative Study
. 2007 Sep;81(17):9591-5.
doi: 10.1128/JVI.02776-06. Epub 2007 Jun 6.

Evolutionary processes among sylvatic dengue type 2 viruses

Nikos Vasilakis  1 , Edward C Holmes, Eric B Fokam, Ousmane Faye, Mawlouth Diallo, Amadou A Sall, Scott C Weaver
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Evolutionary processes among sylvatic dengue type 2 viruses

Nikos Vasilakis et al. J Virol. 2007 Sep.

Abstract

Sylvatic dengue viruses (DENV) are transmitted in an enzootic cycle between nonhuman primates and arboreal Aedes mosquitoes in Southeast Asia and West Africa. Although previous analyses have revealed the evolutionary processes among endemic (human) DENV, little is known about viral evolution in the sylvatic cycle. Through an analysis of 14 complete coding regions of sylvatic Dengue type 2 virus sampled over a 33-year period, we show that both the rate of evolutionary change and the pattern of natural selection are similar among endemic and sylvatic DENV, although the latter have a uniquely high frequency of positive selection in the NS4B protein gene. Our findings support a recent cross-species transmission event and suggest the possibility of future DENV reemergence from the sylvatic cycle.

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Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
Phylogenetic relationships of 14 complete coding regions of sylvatic DENV-2 genomes compared to human isolates of DENV-2 and representatives of DENV-1, DENV-3, and DENV-4. The phylogeny was inferred using an ML procedure, and all horizontal branches are scaled according to the number of substitutions per site. All sylvatic isolates (from DENV-1, DENV-2, and DENV-4) are italicized, and DENV-2 sylvatic isolates are boxed. The genome sequences of the DENV-1 sylvatic isolate P72-1244 and the DENV-4 sylvatic isolate P75-215 were determined in this study. Bootstrap values (>95%) are shown for key nodes.
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