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. 2007 Jun;10(3):470-8.
doi: 10.1375/twin.10.3.470.

Common genetic risk of major depression and nicotine dependence: the contribution of antisocial traits in a United States veteran male twin cohort

Qiang Fu  1 , Andrew C Heath, Kathleen K Bucholz, Michael J Lyons, Ming T Tsuang, William R True, Seth A Eisen
Affiliations

Common genetic risk of major depression and nicotine dependence: the contribution of antisocial traits in a United States veteran male twin cohort

Qiang Fu et al. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2007 Jun.

Abstract

Many studies that found associations between depression and nicotine dependence have ignored possible shared genetic influences associated with antisocial traits. The present study examined the contribution of genetic and environmental effects associated with conduct disorder (CD) and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) to the comorbidity of major depression (MD) and nicotine dependence (ND). A telephone diagnostic interview, the Diagnostic Interview Schedule-III-R, was administered to eligible twins from the Vietnam Era Twin (VET) Registry in 1992. Multivariate genetic models were fitted to 3360 middle-aged and predominantly white twin pairs (1868 monozygotic, 1492 dizygotic pairs) of which both members completed the pertinent diagnostic interview sections. Genetic influences on CD accounted for 100%, 68%, and 50% of the total genetic variance in risk for ASPD, MD and ND, respectively. After controlling for genetic influences on CD, the partial genetic correlation between MD and ND was no longer statistically significant. Nonshared environmental contributions to the comorbidity among these disorders were not significant. This study not only demonstrates that the comorbidity between ND and MD is influenced by common genetic risk factors, but also further suggests that the common genetic risk factors overlapped with those for antisocial traits such as CD and ASPD in men.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic path diagram of a Cholesky decomposition model for genetic and environmental influences on CD, ASPD, MD, and ND. The variance in liability to each disorder was decomposed into additive genetic (A), shared environmental (C), and nonshared environmental components (represented by latent factors) that overlap with other disorders and specific to the disorder. One-way arrows represent standardized factor loadings to be estimated.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Factor loadings (95% confidence intervals) of CD, ASPD, MD, and ND on genetic (AGi), shared environmental (SEi), and nonshared environmental (NEi) factors in Model 5.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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