Ability of National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards-recommended quality control strains from the American Type Culture Collection to detect errors in disk diffusion susceptibility tests

Abstract

The National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) recommends, as a quality control for the disk diffusion susceptibility test, the use of three strains from the American Type Culture Collection: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. This study assesses the capacity of these strains to detect errors in the overall method. ATCC strains were tested by comparing testing by the standard NCCLS-recommended procedure (ST) with testing under the following conditions: incubation at 25 degrees C, Mueller-Hinton agar depths of 2 mm (AD2) and 8 mm (AD8), agar pHs of 6.5 and 8, inocula with McFarland standards of 0.25 (0.25M) and 4.0 McFarland (4.0M), direct inoculation without preincubation of inoculum (DI), and a 2-h delay between inoculation and disk application (2HR). The frequency of zone measurements outside the NCCLS-recommended control zone limits were as follows: ST, 0%; AD2, 18%; AD8, 9.6%; pH 6.5, 7.9%; pH 8, 5.3%; 0.25M, 3.5%; 4.0M, 24%; DI, 3.4%; 2HR, 1.8%; 25 degrees C (only E. coli and P. aeruginosa were evaluable), 28%. These results suggest that the quality control strains are only partially effective in detecting single extreme laboratory errors and that careful laboratory supervision is necessary even in the setting of properly monitored quality control strains.