Exposure to heights in a theme park: fear, dizziness, and body sway

Abstract

Fear of heights results in the experience of dizziness and measurable body sway. We investigated the relationship between fear, dizziness, and body sway during height exposure 16 m above ground. Thirty five healthy participants stood on a force-plate to measure sway before, during, and after exposure and an ECG was recorded. Self-report measures were anticipated fear and dizziness before exposure, as well as actual fear and dizziness during the three situations. For all participants, fear, dizziness, and body sway were increased during exposure. Anticipated fear most reliably predicted body sway during exposure. In addition, persons scoring high on trait fear of heights anticipated and experienced more fear during exposure, but this relationship was not found for any objective measure. There was no evidence that vestibular function moderates the relationship between sub-clinical fear and body sway. The results underline the importance of cognitive factors, like anticipatory anxiety and overestimation of bodily symptoms, in fear of heights.