[Congenital melanocytic nevi--a multifaceted problem]

Abstract

Congenital melanocytic nevi are specific pigmented lesions that differ from acquired melanocytic nevi in terms of the age at which they develop and, usually, also in their clinical and histological features. Their potential for malignant transformation and their association with leptomeningeal seeding of nevomelanocytic cells have long been known, at least in the case of large melanocytic nevi. In addition, significant psychosocial stigmatization may affect patients with larger congenital nevi, in particular when they appear at exposed sites. Together, these aspects, in combination with the individual reaction of the patient and his/her parents, must be considered before a therapeutic recommendation is made. In the present review, our current knowledge of this condition is summarized with the aim of helping to determine the most appropriate management for the individual affected.