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. 2007 Mar 1;125(2):108-11.
doi: 10.1590/s1516-31802007000200008.

Does sodium nitroprusside kill babies? A systematic review

Nelson Sass  1 , Caroline Harumi Itamoto, Marina Pereira Silva, Maria Regina Torloni, Alvaro Nagib Atallah
Affiliations

Does sodium nitroprusside kill babies? A systematic review

Nelson Sass et al. Sao Paulo Med J. .

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Objective: To determine whether sodium nitroprusside causes fetal death in pregnancies complicated with hypertension.

Data sources: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE; 1996 to 2003), Excerpta Medica (EMBASE; 1970 to 2003), Web of Science/Institute for Scientific Information (ISI; 1945 to 2003), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS; 1982 to 2003) and the Cochrane Library.

Review methods: The medical subject headings used were "nitroprusside and pregnancy", "hypertension or eclampsia or preeclampsia" and "nitroprusside and pregnancy and hypertensive emergencies". The search was limited to humans and female gender, in all fields, publication types, languages and subsets. Articles were also identified by reviewing the references of articles and textbooks on hypertension and pregnancy.

Results: The search located nine studies. The sum of all the publications yielded a total of 22 patients and 24 exposed fetuses (two pairs of twins). There were no randomized clinical trials and no prospective cohorts. All of the studies were observational in nature.

Conclusions: At present, there is insufficient evidence for definitive conclusions about any direct association between sodium nitroprusside use and fetal demise.

OBJETIVOS:: Resolver a questão: o nitroprussiato de sódio causa morte fetal em gestações complicadas por hipertensão?

FONTES DE INFORMAÇÃO:: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrival System Online, MEDLINE (1996 a 2003), Excerpta Medica, EMBASE (1970 to 2003), Web of Science - Institute for Scientific Information, ISI (1945 a 2003), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, LILACS (1982 a 2003) e a Cochrane Library.

MÉTODO DE REVISÃO:: Os descritores usados foram "nitroprussiato e gravidez", "hipertensão ou eclâmpsia ou pré-eclâmpsia", "nitroprussiato e gravidez e emergências hipertensivas" limitada a humanos e mulheres, em todos os campos, tipos de publicação, línguas e subgrupos. Foram também identificados artigos através das referências das publicações e de livros sobre hipertensão e gravidez.

RESULTADOS:: A revisão identificou nove publicações. A soma de todas elas descreveu um total de 22 mulheres e 24 fetos (duas gestações gemelares) expostos ao nitroprussiato. Não foram localizados ensaios clínicos randomizados ou coortes prospectivas. Todos os estudos eram do tipo descritivo.

CONCLUSÕES:: No momento, não existem evidências suficientes para se chegar à conclusão definitiva de que exista uma associação direta entre o uso de nitroprussiato de sódio e morte fetal.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: None

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