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. 2007 Nov 1;76(2):303-10.
doi: 10.1016/j.cardiores.2007.07.002. Epub 2007 Jul 23.

Dietary supplementation with omega-3 PUFA increases adiponectin and attenuates ventricular remodeling and dysfunction with pressure overload

Monika K Duda  1 , Karen M O'Shea, Biao Lei, Brian R Barrows, Agnes M Azimzadeh, Tracy E McElfresh, Brian D Hoit, Willem J Kop, William C Stanley
Affiliations

Dietary supplementation with omega-3 PUFA increases adiponectin and attenuates ventricular remodeling and dysfunction with pressure overload

Monika K Duda et al. Cardiovasc Res. .

Abstract

Objective: Epidemiological studies suggest that consumption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFA) decreases the risk of heart failure. We assessed the effects of dietary supplementation with omega-3 PUFA from fish oil on the response of the left ventricle (LV) to arterial pressure overload.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were fed a standard chow or a omega-3 PUFA-supplemented diet. After 1 week rats underwent abdominal aortic banding or sham surgery (n=9-12/group). LV function was assessed by echocardiography after 8 weeks. In addition, we studied the effect of omega-3 PUFA on the cardioprotective adipocyte-derived hormone adiponectin, which may alter the pro-growth serine-threonine kinase Akt.

Results: Banding increased LV mass to a greater extent with the standard chow (31%) than with omega-3 PUFA (18%). LV end diastolic and systolic volumes were increased by 19% and 105% with standard chow, respectively, but were unchanged with omega-3 PUFA. The expression of adiponectin was up-regulated in adipose tissue, and the plasma adiponectin concentration was significantly elevated. Treatment with omega-3 PUFA increased total Akt protein expression in the heart, but decreased the fraction of Akt in the active phosphorylated form, and thus did not alter the amount of active phospho-Akt.

Conclusion: Dietary supplementation with omega-3 PUFA attenuated pressure overload-induced LV dysfunction, which was associated with elevated plasma adiponectin.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
LV mass/tibia length ratio (a) and echocardiograpgic assessment of LV end diastolic volume (b), and end systolic volume (c). * p< 0.05 vs. respective sham (n=9-12/group). Significant interactions between surgery group (sham vs. banded) and diet (standard chow vs. ω-3 PUFA) were observed for LV mass/tibia length ratio (P=0.045) and end systolic volume (P<0.001). Additionally, there were significant interactions between sham and banding for end diastolic volume (PG=0.032).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Plasma adiponectin concentration (b) and adiponectin mRNA expression in epididymal adipose (a), visceral adipose (c) and heart (d) expressed as a fraction of the sham standard chow group; and. * p< 0.05 vs. respective sham; # p<0.05 vs. standard chow diet (n=9-12/group). Significant interactions between standard chow vs. ω-3 PUFA diet were observed for plasma adiponectin concentration (PD<0.001) and adiponectin mRNA expression in epididymal adipose (PD<0.001).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Cardiac mRNA (a-b) and protein (c-d) expression of adiponectin receptors R1 and R2 showed as a fraction of the sham standard chow group.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Summary of western blot densitometry of total and phosphorylated Akt and AMPK (in arbitrary units). Phosphorylated Akt (a); total Akt (b); the ratio of phosphorylated to total Akt (c); phosphorylated AMPK (d); total AMPK (e); and the ratio of phosphorylated to total AMPK (f) # p<0.05 vs. standard chow diet (n=9-12/group). Significant interactions between standard chow vs. ω-3 PUFA diet were observed for total Akt (PD<0.001) and ratio of phosphorylated to total Akt (PD<0.001).
Figure 5
Figure 5
mRNA for PPARα and PPARα-regulated genes in LV myocardium expressed as a fraction of the sham standard chow group. Data are the mean±SEM; n=9-12.
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