Substance abuse and harm minimisation in adolescents

Abstract

Background: Adolescent substance use is prevalent among Australian school students. Although a degree of risk taking is a normal developmental task it can lead to serious consequences. For some it is a short lived risk taking experience. For others it is a flag for other life difficulties and a possible trajectory to addiction.

Objective: This article outlines an approach to engaging with the adolescent to identify substance abuse and the context in which it occurs. The process outlined allows for identification of multiple concerns and opportunities to reduce harm.

Discussion: The key to addressing adolescent substance use is engagement. This involves allowing for time with the adolescent alone and with a support person if they wish, discussing confidentiality issues and using a framework for obtaining a comprehensive psychosocial history. This enables identification of multiple concerns, comorbid conditions and opportunities to reduce harm.