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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2008 Jan 1;92(1-3):61-8.
doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.06.014. Epub 2007 Aug 6.

Ethnic differences in alcohol treatment outcomes and the effect of concurrent smoking cessation treatment

Steven S Fu  1 , Molly Kodl, Mark Willenbring, David B Nelson, Sean Nugent, Amy A Gravely, Anne M Joseph
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Ethnic differences in alcohol treatment outcomes and the effect of concurrent smoking cessation treatment

Steven S Fu et al. Drug Alcohol Depend. .

Abstract

The Timing of Alcohol and Smoking Cessation (TASC) Study tested the optimal timing of smoking cessation treatment in an alcohol-dependent population. Previously reported results suggest that providing concurrent smoking cessation treatment adversely affects alcohol outcomes. The purpose of this analysis was to investigate whether there are ethnic differences in alcohol and tobacco outcomes among a diverse sample of alcohol-dependent smokers using data from the TASC trial in which 499 participants were randomized to either concurrent (during alcohol treatment) or delayed (6 months later) smoking intervention. This analysis focused on smokers of Caucasian (n=381) and African American (n=78) ethnicity. Alcohol outcomes included 6 months sustained alcohol abstinence rates and time to first use of alcohol post-treatment. Tobacco outcomes included 7-day point prevalence smoking abstinence. Random effects logistic regression analysis was used to investigate intervention group and ethnic differences in the longitudinally assessed alcohol outcomes. Alcohol abstinence outcomes were consistently worse in the concurrent group than the delayed group among Caucasians, but this was not the case for African Americans. No significant ethnic differences were observed in smoking cessation outcomes. Findings from this analysis suggest that concurrent smoking cessation treatment adversely affects alcohol outcomes for Caucasians but not necessarily for African Americans.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. 6-Months Sustained Alcohol Abstinence Rates: Concurrent vs. Delayed for African Americans and Caucasians
Figure 2
Figure 2. Time to First Use of Alcohol by Ethnicity and Treatment Group
Adjusted for stratification measure, a single dimension score which controls for age, gender, employment status, education level, marital status, smoking duration, number of past smoking cessation attempts, level of nicotine dependence, self-efficacy for quitting smoking, number of alcohol dependence criteria, severity of alcohol use, number of past alcohol use cessation attempts, number of coexisting substance use disorders, and Beck depression score.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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