Percutaneous and surgical radiofrequency ablation of liver malignancies: a single institutional experience

Abstract

Background: the purpose of this study was to report a single academic institution's experience with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of liver malignancies

Methods: Sixty-five patients underwent RFA technique through a percutaneous (Group I: 33 patients) or a surgical approach (Group II: 32 patients). The two groups were different according to type of disease selection (more hepatocellular carcinoma in Group I and liver metastases in Group II) and tumour features (smaller size but greater number of lesions in Group II). In Group II, RFA was associated to liver resection in 23 patients (72%).

Results: The 2-month postoperative mortality and complication rates were low in both groups. The postoperative hospital stay was longer in Group II. During a median follow-up of 24 months in Group I and 21 months in Group II, the local "in-situ" recurrence rate was 41.4% and 9.1%, respectively. For RFA-treated tumours < 30 mm in size, the local "in-situ" recurrence rate was 40.5% in Group I and 0% in Group II. Multivariate statistical analysis demonstrated that larger tumour and a percutaneous approach for RFA were independent predictive factors of local "in-situ" liver tumour recurrence.

Conclusions: RFA appears to be a safe technique for treating liver malignancies by both approaches. Tumour size and type of RFA approach are predictive factors of in-situ liver tumour recurrence.