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. 1980 Feb 1;207(4430):543-5.
doi: 10.1126/science.207.4430.543.

Symbolic Communication Between Two Pigeons, (Columba livia domestica)

R Epstein, R P Lanza, B F Skinner

Symbolic Communication Between Two Pigeons, (Columba livia domestica)

R Epstein et al. Science. .

Abstract

Through the use of learned symbols, a pigeon accurately communicated information about hidden colors to another pigeon. Each verbal exchange was initiated with a spontaneous request for information. The two pigeons engaged in a sustained and natural conversation without human intervention.

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