Short-term results of intravitreal bevacizumab for macular edema with retinal vein obstruction and diabetic macular edema

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the short-term effect, safety, and durability of intravitreally injected bevacizumab in patients with macular edema (ME) caused by retinal vein obstruction (RVO) and diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 39 eyes of 36 patients, 14 with ME caused by RVO and 25 with DME, who received intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg) and were followed up for at least 3 months. Monthly assessments examined safety, best corrected visual acuity with an ETDRS chart (logMAR), and central retinal thickness (CRT) using optical coherence tomography.

Results: No significant ocular or systemic side-effects were observed. The follow-up period was 5.4 +/- 1.1 months (mean +/- standard deviation). During follow-up, the mean number of injections was 1.4 +/- 0.5. The baseline mean logMAR was 0.91 +/- 0.51, and the mean CRT was 552.6 +/- 186.7 microm. At 1, 2, and 3 months, the mean logMAR was 0.67 +/- 0.46 (paired t test, P < 0.001), 0.66 +/- 0.46 (P < 0.001), and 0.69 +/- 0.45 (P < 0.001), respectively, and the mean CRT was 323.1 +/- 151.9 mum (P < 0.001), 324.6 +/- 136.9 mum (P < 0.001), and 382.5 +/- 130.4 microm (P < 0.001), respectively. Fourteen (14) of 34 eyes with more than 3 months of follow-up required a second injection at a mean 3.4 +/- 1.0 months after the initial injection. For both ME caused RVO and DME patients, a bevacizumab administration improved logMAR and CRT at each time point through to 6 months, except for logMAR in DME at 1 week (P = 0.081), 5 months (P = 0.130) and 6 months (P = 0.759).

Conclusions: An intravitreal bevacizumab injection for ME caused by RVO and DME was safe and effective for improving visual acuity and reducing CRT.