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Review
. 2008 Oct;33(9):916-36; discussion 937-8.
doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsm064. Epub 2007 Sep 10.

Evidence-based assessment of adherence to medical treatments in pediatric psychology

Alexandra L Quittner  1 , Avani C Modi, Kathleen L Lemanek, Carolyn E Ievers-Landis, Michael A Rapoff
Affiliations
Review

Evidence-based assessment of adherence to medical treatments in pediatric psychology

Alexandra L Quittner et al. J Pediatr Psychol. 2008 Oct.

Abstract

Objectives: Adherence to medical regimens for children and adolescents with chronic conditions is generally below 50% and is considered the single, greatest cause of treatment failure. As the prevalence of chronic illnesses in pediatric populations increases and awareness of the negative consequences of poor adherence become clearer, the need for reliable and valid measures of adherence has grown.

Methods: This review evaluated empirical evidence for 18 measures utilizing three assessment methods: (a) self-report or structured interviews, (b) daily diary methods, and (c) electronic monitors.

Results: Ten measures met the "well-established" evidence-based (EBA) criteria.

Conclusions: Several recommendations for improving adherence assessment were made. In particular, consideration should be given to the use of innovative technologies that provide a window into the "real time" behaviors of patients and families. Providing written treatment plans, identifying barriers to good adherence, and examining racial and ethnic differences in attitudes, beliefs and behaviors affecting adherence were strongly recommended.

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