Impact of diet, physical activity, lipid status and glycoregulation in estimation of score (systematic coronary risk evaluation) for ten years in postmenopausal women

Abstract

The incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in women, although lower than in men, increases dramatically after the menopause. Diabetes mellitus is a more powerful predictor of CHD risk and prognosis in women than in men. The aim of this study was to promote diet and physical activity (PA) regimen in order to decrease coronary risk in next years in postmenopausal women with impaired glucose tolerance. Methodological approach of this research is to compare data gathered trough prospective and retrospective analysis of anamnestic data, clinical research, diagnostic tests and biochemical parameters of 100 examinees, regarding the glycoregulation, lipid status, body mass indexes, incidence of hypertension, uric acid and fibrinogen level. The SCORE (Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation) assessment system is derived from a large dataset of prospective European studies and predicts any kind of fatal CVD events over a ten-year period. It was documented that the then year risk of fatal CVD exerted a shift toward the lower percent value in postmenopausal women after proposed diet/PA regimen. In pre-menopausal women the estimated ten year risk of fatal CVD by SCORE was shifted toward the level below 1%. The risk of 15% and above was not documented after diet/physical activity regimen. The prevalence of the atherogenic lipid markers at the beginning and the end of the assay decreased for all investigated lipid parameters in the group of pre-menopausal women what was more than in postmenopausal ones. Presented data indicate that dietary regimen and physical activity are crucial factors in CVD prevention throughout menopause and beyond. Behavioral changes aimed at decreasing food intake and increasing energy expenditure, should be implemented in pre-menopausal period of life.

Figure 1

Ten year risk of fatal CVD in high risk regions of Europe by gender, age, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and smoking status (22)

FIGURE 2

Ten-year risk assessment of fatal CVD in postmenopausal women

FIGURE 3

Percent of the prevalence of atherogenic markers at the beginning and after six months in postmenopausal women

FIGURE 4

Ten year risk of fetal CVD in pre-menopausal women

FIGURE 5

Percent of the prevalence of atherogenic markers at the beginning and after six months in pre-menopausal women