Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: An under-recognized myocardial syndrome

Abstract

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is characterized by reversible left ventricular dysfunction with apical ballooning and is triggered by marked psychological or physiological stress in the absence of significant epicardial coronary artery disease. Clinically, this unique myocardial syndrome mimics acute myocardial infarction, and it has been considered to be a rare entity with a good prognosis. The literature on takotsubo cardiomyopathy is limited by selection bias and patient heterogeneity, but recent data suggest the syndrome is more prevalent, e.g., in critically ill, non-cardiac patients. Prompt diagnosis and aggressive therapy are essential for a rapid recovery. Clinicians should increase their awareness of this syndrome and more research should be carried out on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of takotsubo cardiomyopathy.