Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2008 Apr;35(4):771-8.
doi: 10.1007/s00259-007-0644-6. Epub 2007 Dec 11.

Radiation dosimetry of N-([11C]methyl)benperidol as determined by whole-body PET imaging of primates

Jo Ann V Antenor-Dorsey  1 , Richard Laforest, Stephen M Moerlein, Tom O Videen, Joel S Perlmutter
Affiliations

Radiation dosimetry of N-([11C]methyl)benperidol as determined by whole-body PET imaging of primates

Jo Ann V Antenor-Dorsey et al. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2008 Apr.

Erratum in

  • Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2013 May;40(5):795-6. Dosage error in published abstract; MEDLINE/PubMed abstract corrected

Abstract

Purpose: N-([(11)C]methyl)benperidol ([(11)C]NMB) can be used for positron emission tomography (PET) measurements of D(2)-like dopamine receptor binding in vivo. We report the absorbed radiation dosimetry of i.v.-administered (11)C-NMB, a critical step before applying this radioligand to imaging studies in humans.

Materials and methods: Whole-body PET imaging with a CTI/Siemens ECAT 953B scanner was done in a male and a female baboon. After i.v. injection of 444-1221 MBq of (11)C-NMB, sequential images taken from the head to the pelvis were collected for 3 h. Volumes of interest (VOIs) were identified that entirely encompassed small organs (whole brain, striatum, eyes, and myocardium). Large organs (liver, lungs, kidneys, lower large intestine, and urinary bladder) were sampled by drawing representative regions within the organ volume. Time-activity curves for each VOI were extracted from the PET, and organ residence times were calculated by analytical integration of a multi-exponential fit of the time-activity curves. Human radiation doses were estimated using OLINDA/EXM 1.0 and the standard human model.

Results: Highest retention was observed in the blood and liver, each with total residence times of 1.5 min. The highest absorbed radiation doses were to the heart (10.5 μGy/MBq) [DOSAGE ERROR CORRECTED] and kidney (9.19 μGy/MBq), [DOSAGE ERROR CORRECTED] making these the critical organs for [(11)C]NMB. A heart absorption of 50 mGy would result from an injected dose of 4,762 MBq [(11)C]NMB.

Conclusions: Thus, this study suggests that up to 4,762 MBq of [(11)C]NMB can be safely administered to human subjects for PET studies. Total body dose and effective dose for [(11)C]NMB are 2.82 μGy/MBq [DOSAGE ERROR CORRECTED] and 3.7 mSv/kBq, respectively.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Outline of the scanning sequences for the four studies: formula image transmission scan; ■ emission scan
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Time–activity curves for [11C]-NMB as determined by PET imaging of six compartments: a striatum, b brain, c heart, d liver, e kidney, f blood, and g remainder of the body. Errors bars represent the uncertainty in the average values due to between-scan fluctuations. The solid line represents the result of the multi-exponential fit and the dashed line represent this fit accounting for the decay of 11C
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Time–activity curves for [11C]-NMB as determined by PET imaging of six compartments: a striatum, b brain, c heart, d liver, e kidney, f blood, and g remainder of the body. Errors bars represent the uncertainty in the average values due to between-scan fluctuations. The solid line represents the result of the multi-exponential fit and the dashed line represent this fit accounting for the decay of 11C
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Antonini A, Schwarz J, Oertel WH, Pogarell O, Leenders KL. Long-term changes of striatal dopamine D2 receptors in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a study with positron emission tomography and [11C]raclopride. Mov Disord. 1997;12:33–8. - PubMed
    1. Perlmutter JS, Stambuk MK, Markham J, Black KJ, McGee-Minnich L, Jankovic J, et al. Decreased [18F] spiperone binding in putamen in idiopathic focal dystonia. J Neurosci. 1997;17:843–50. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Wong DF, Singer HS, Brandt J, Shaya E, Chen C, Brown J, et al. D2-like dopamine receptor density in Tourette’s syndrome measured by PET. J Nucl Med. 1997;38:1243–7. - PubMed
    1. Vernaleken I, Siessmeier T, Buchholz HG, Hartter S, Hiemke C, Stoeter P, et al. High striatal occupancy of D2-like dopamine receptors by amisulpride in the brain of patients with schizophrenia. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2004;7:421–30. - PubMed
    1. Frost JJ, Smith AC, Kuhar MJ, Dannals RF, Wagner HN., Jr In vivo binding of 3H-N-methylspiperone to dopamine and serotonin receptors. Life Sci. 1987;40:987–95. - PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources