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. 2007 Dec;177(4):2457-67.
doi: 10.1534/genetics.107.075416.

A microsatellite genetic map of the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

Carmen Bouza  1 , Miguel Hermida, Belén G Pardo, Carlos Fernández, Gloria G Fortes, Jaime Castro, Laura Sánchez, Pablo Presa, Montse Pérez, Andrés Sanjuán, Alejandro de Carlos, José Antonio Alvarez-Dios, Susana Ezcurra, Rosa M Cal, Francesc Piferrer, Paulino Martínez
Affiliations

A microsatellite genetic map of the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

Carmen Bouza et al. Genetics. 2007 Dec.

Abstract

A consensus microsatellite-based linkage map of the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) was constructed from two unrelated families. The mapping panel was derived from a gynogenetic family of 96 haploid embryos and a biparental diploid family of 85 full-sib progeny with known linkage phase. A total of 242 microsatellites were mapped in 26 linkage groups, six markers remaining unlinked. The consensus map length was 1343.2 cM, with an average distance between markers of 6.5 +/- 0.5 cM. Similar length of female and male maps was evidenced. However, the mean recombination at common intervals throughout the genome revealed significant differences between sexes, approximately 1.6 times higher in the female than in the male. The comparison of turbot microsatellite flanking sequences against the Tetraodon nigroviridis genome revealed 55 significant matches, with a mean length of 102 bp and high sequence similarity (81-100%). The comparative mapping revealed significant syntenic regions among fish species. This study represents the first linkage map in the turbot, one of the most important flatfish in European aquaculture. This map will be suitable for QTL identification of productive traits in this species and for further evolutionary studies in fish and vertebrate species.

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Figures

F<sc>igure</sc> 1.—
Figure 1.—
A consensus genetic map for turbot. The integration of the individual maps from the two mapping populations and the four data sets (HF, DF, DFpat, and DFmat) are shown in supplemental Figure 1 at http://www.genetics.org/supplemental/. Framework markers (LOD >3.0) are presented in boldface type. Seven markers that could not be ordered with a log-likelihood support are represented as accessory markers at the right of the nearest linked marker: (a) Sma-USC51 (31.2 cM), (b) B12-IGT14 (14.9 cM), (c) Sma-USC224 (16.9 cM), (d) Sma-USC169 (0.0 cM), (e) Sma-USC27 (4.3 cM), (f) Sma-USC176 (2.6 cM), and (g) Sma-USC95 (4.9 cM).
F<sc>igure</sc> 1.—
Figure 1.—
A consensus genetic map for turbot. The integration of the individual maps from the two mapping populations and the four data sets (HF, DF, DFpat, and DFmat) are shown in supplemental Figure 1 at http://www.genetics.org/supplemental/. Framework markers (LOD >3.0) are presented in boldface type. Seven markers that could not be ordered with a log-likelihood support are represented as accessory markers at the right of the nearest linked marker: (a) Sma-USC51 (31.2 cM), (b) B12-IGT14 (14.9 cM), (c) Sma-USC224 (16.9 cM), (d) Sma-USC169 (0.0 cM), (e) Sma-USC27 (4.3 cM), (f) Sma-USC176 (2.6 cM), and (g) Sma-USC95 (4.9 cM).
F<sc>igure</sc> 2.—
Figure 2.—
Differences in recombination ratio. (A) Male vs. female recombination ratio for pairs of framework markers segregating from both parents of the diploid family (DF). (B) Female recombination ratio for pairs of markers segregating from female parents of both haploid (HF) and diploid (DF) families.
F<sc>igure</sc> 3.—
Figure 3.—
Syntenies between turbot and T. nigroviridis linkage maps. The linkage groups of turbot and Tetraodon were arrayed as columns and rows, respectively. UL, unlinked markers in turbot consensus map. UN, unknown: genome sequences that have not been mapped in Tetraodon. Values in boxes indicate the number of syntenic turbot microsatellite flanking sequences.
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References

    1. Bouza, C., L. Sánchez and P. Martínez, 1994. Karyotypic characterization of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) with conventional, fluorochrome, and restriction endonuclease banding techniques. Mar. Biol. 120: 609–613.
    1. Bouza, C., J. Castro, P. Presa, L. Sánchez and P. Martínez, 2002. Allozyme and microsatellite diversity in natural and domestic populations of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) in comparison with other Pleuronectiformes. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 59: 1460–1473.
    1. Castro, J., C. Bouza, L. Sánchez, R. M. Cal, F. Piferrer et al., 2003. Gynogenesis assessment using microsatellite genetic markers in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Mar. Biotechnol. 5: 584–592. - PubMed
    1. Castro, J., C. Bouza, P. Presa, A. Pino-Querido, A. Riaza et al., 2004. Potential sources of error in parentage assessment of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) using microsatellite loci. Aquaculture 242: 119–135.
    1. Chistiakov, D. A., B. Hellemans and F. A. M. Volckaert, 2005. Microsatellites and their genomic distribution, evolution, function and applications: a review with special reference to fish genetics. Aquaculture 255: 1–29.

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