Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Nigerian preschool children

Abstract

The problem of obesity is taking a worldwide dimension. However, there is paucity of data on obesity in Nigerian children. This study was therefore conducted to determine the prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity among Nigerian preschool children. A total of 270 children were recruited from 216 households using multistage cluster sampling technique. The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 13.7% and 5.2% respectively while the prevalence of underweight was 8.5%. Although, there was no statistically significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months, duration of breastfeeding and the prevalence of overweight (P = 0.569, 0.669 respectively), the prevalence of overweight decreases with increase in the duration of breastfeeding. Ninety-nine (36.3%) children were given infant formula feeds with 92 (93.9%) children introduced to infant formula feeds before the age of 6 months. The use of infant formula feeds was significantly associated with reduction in the prevalence of overweight (P = 0.041). No linear relationship was detected in the association between overweight and socioeconomic class. The population shows heterogeneity in their nutritional problem by having mixture of obesity and underweight. There is need for trend of obesity to be monitored so that timely intervention will be taken and associated morbidity and mortality from obesity prevented.