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Review
. 2008 Feb;129(2):117-28.
doi: 10.1007/s00418-007-0370-y. Epub 2008 Jan 3.

Topology of molecular machines of the endoplasmic reticulum: a compilation of proteomics and cytological data

Christine Lavoie  1 , Jacques Paiement
Affiliations
Review

Topology of molecular machines of the endoplasmic reticulum: a compilation of proteomics and cytological data

Christine Lavoie et al. Histochem Cell Biol. 2008 Feb.

Abstract

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a key organelle of the secretion pathway involved in the synthesis of both proteins and lipids destined for multiple sites within and without the cell. The ER functions to both co- and post-translationally modify newly synthesized proteins and lipids and sort them for housekeeping within the ER and for transport to their sites of function away from the ER. In addition, the ER is involved in the metabolism and degradation of specific xenobiotics and endogenous biosynthetic products. A variety of proteomics studies have been reported on different subcompartments of the ER providing an ER protein dictionary with new data being made available on many protein complexes of relevance to the biology of the ER including the ribosome, the translocon, coatomer proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, folding proteins, the antigen-processing machinery, signaling proteins and proteins involved in membrane traffic. This review examines proteomics and cytological data in support of the presence of specific molecular machines at specific sites or subcompartments of the ER.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Different subcompartments of the endoplamic reticulum. The ER is composed of continuous but distinct subdomains. a The nuclear envelope (NE) is shown with nuclear pores and ribosomal particles attached to the outer membrane. b The rough ER (rER) is continuous with the NE and consists of stacked flattened saccules, whose limiting membranes have numerous attached ribosomal particles. c Transitional ER (tER) is composed of a rER subdomain continuous with the rER and a smooth ER (sER) subdomain consisting of buds and tubules devoid of associated ribosomes (arrowhead points to a coated bud). d In some cells (e.g., steroid secreting cells and hepatocytes) the sER is composed of a large network of interconnecting tubules showing tripartite junctions (arrows) and fenestrations. Micrograph in C is courtesy of Christian Zuber and Jurgen Roth
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