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. 2007 Jul;13(7):1001-7.
doi: 10.3201/eid1307.061506.

Antiretroviral therapy during tuberculosis treatment and marked reduction in death rate of HIV-infected patients, Thailand

Somsak Akksilp  1 , Opart Karnkawinpong, Wanpen Wattanaamornkiat, Daranee Viriyakitja, Patama Monkongdee, Walya Sitti, Dhanida Rienthong, Taweesap Siraprapasiri, Charles D Wells, Jordan W Tappero, Jay K Varma
Affiliations

Antiretroviral therapy during tuberculosis treatment and marked reduction in death rate of HIV-infected patients, Thailand

Somsak Akksilp et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007 Jul.

Abstract

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is lifesaving in patients with advanced HIV infection, but the magnitude of benefit in HIV-infected patients receiving tuberculosis (TB) treatment remains uncertain, and population-based data from developing countries are limited. We prospectively collected data about HIV-infected TB patients from February 2003 through January 2004 in Ubon-ratchathani, Thailand. During 12 months, HIV was diagnosed in 329 (14%) of 2,342 patients registered for TB treatment. Of patients with known outcomes, death during TB treatment occurred in 5 (7%) of 71 who received ART and 94 (43%) of 219 who did not. Using multivariate analysis, we found a large reduction in the odds of death for patients receiving ART before or during TB treatment (odds ratio, 0.2; 95% confidence interval, 0.1-0.5), adjusting for CD4 count, smear status, co-trimoxazole use, and treatment facility. ART is associated with a substantial reduction in deaths during TB treatment for HIV-infected TB patients in Thailand.

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