5-year experience of highly cross-linked polyethylene in cemented and uncemented sockets: two randomized studies using radiostereometric analysis

Abstract

Background: Laboratory tests and early clinical studies have shown that highly cross-linked polyethylene (PE) markedly improves wear resistance compared to conventional PE. We evaluated this type of PE in two randomized clinical studies using radiostereometric analysis (RSA). The 2- and 3-year follow-up of these studies have already been reported. We found a lower penetration rate for the highly cross-linked PE than for conventional PE. We now report the outcome after 5 years.

Patients and methods: 60 patients (61 hips) with a median age of 55 years were randomized to receive either highly cross-linked PE (Durasul) or conventional cemented all-polyethylene sockets of the same design. 55 patients (56 hips) were followed for 5 years. In the second study, 32 patients (64 hips) with a median age of 48 years and with bilateral primary or secondary osteoarthritis of the hip had hybrid total hip arthroplasty with liners made of highly cross-linked PE (Longevity) on one side and conventional PE on the other. 23 patients in this study have passed the 5-year follow-up.

Results: Bedding-in and creep for the Durasul all-PE was reached by 2 years, and by 1 year for the Longevity liners. In both control groups with conventional PE, this was reached by 6 months. The steady-state wear rate was close to zero in the two study groups and 0.06 mm/year for the conventional PE in the two control groups.

Interpretation: We found that use of highly crosslinked PE instead of conventional PE reduced the wear by more than 95%, which supports continued use of this type of PE in young, active patients.