Psychological distress and quality of life after orthopedic trauma: an observational study
- PMID: 18248701
- PMCID: PMC2386305
Psychological distress and quality of life after orthopedic trauma: an observational study
Abstract
Objective: Little is known about the clinical consequences of psychological morbidity associated with orthopedic trauma. The objective of our study was to investigate the extent of psychological symptoms that patients experience following orthopedic trauma and whether these are associated with quality of life.
Methods: All patients attending 10 orthopedic fracture clinics at 3 university-affiliated hospitals between January and October 2003 were screened for study eligibility. Eligible patients were aged 16 years or older, were English-speaking, were being followed actively for a fracture(s), were cognitively able to complete the questionnaires and provided informed consent. All consenting patients completed a baseline assessment form, the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised and a health-related quality of life questionnaire (the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form [SF-36]). We conducted regression analyses to determine predictors of quality of life among study patients.
Results: Of the patients, 250 were eligible, and 215 agreed to participate; 59% were men; the patients' mean age was 44.5 (standard deviation [SD] 18.8) years. Over one-half (54%) of the patients had lower extremity fractures. Patient Physical Component summary scores were associated with older age (ss = -0.28, p 0.001), ongoing litigation (ss = -0.18, p = 0.02), fracture location (ss = -0.18, p = 0.01) and Positive Symptom Distress Index (i.e., the intensity of psychological symptoms; ss = -0.08, p = 0.003). This model predicted 21% of the variance in patients' Physical Component summary scores. Somatization was an important psychological symptom negatively associated with Physical Component summary scores. Reduced Mental Component summary scores were associated with ongoing litigation (ss = -0.18, p = 0.03) and Global Severity Index of psychological symptoms (ss = -0.50, p 0.001). This model explained 31% of the variability in patients' Mental Component summary scores.
Conclusion: In a prospective study of 215 patients, 1 in 5 met the threshold for psychological distress. Only ongoing litigation and psychological symptoms were significantly associated with both SF-36 Physical Component and Mental Component summary scores. Future research is necessary to determine whether orthopedic trauma patients would benefit from early screening and intervention to address comorbid psychopathology.
Objectif: On connaît mal les conséquences cliniques de la morbidité psychologique associée au traumatisme orthopédique. Nous voulions déterminer l'étendue des symptômes psychologiques que les patients vivent à la suite d'un traumatisme orthopédique et établir le lien entre ces symptômes et la qualité de vie.
Méthodes: On a déterminé l'admissibilité à l'étude de tous les patients qui se sont présentés à 10 cliniques de traitement de fractures orthopédiques de 3 hôpitaux universitaires entre janvier et octobre 2003. Les patients admissibles avaient 16 ans ou plus, étaient anglophones, étaient suivis activement pour une fracture ou plus, avaient la capacité cognitive voulue pour remplir les questionnaires et ont donné leur consentement éclairé. Tous les patients consentants ont rempli un formulaire d'évaluation de référence, la liste de contrôle des symptômes 90 révisée (Symptom Checklist-90-Revised) et un questionnaire sur la qualité de vie liée à la santé (le questionnaire abrégé de 36 questions de l'étude sur les résultats médicaux — Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form [SF-36]). Nous avons procédé à des analyses de régression pour déterminer les prédicteurs de la qualité de vie chez les participants.
Résultats: Parmi les patients, 250 étaient admissibles et 215 ont consenti à participer; il y avait 59 % d'hommes et les patients avaient en moyenne 44,5 (écart-type [ET] 18,8) ans. Plus de la moitié (54 %) des patients avaient une fracture des membres inférieurs. On a établi un lien entre les scores sommaires de la fonction physique du patient et l'âge plus avancé (β = –0,28, p < 0,001), un litige en cours (β = –0,18, p = 0,02), le site de la fracture (β = –0,18, p = 0,01) et l'indice de détresse à symptômes positifs (c.-à-d. l'intensité des symptômes psychologiques; β = –0,08, p = 0,003). Ce modèle a prédit 21 % de la variation des scores sommaires de fonction physique des patients. La somatisation a constitué un symptôme psychologique important associé négativement aux scores sommaires de fonction physique. La baisse des scores sommaires de santé mentale était associée à un litige en cours (β = –0,18, p = 0,03) et à l'indice de gravité globale des symptômes psychologiques (β = –0,50, p < 0,001). Ce modèle a expliqué 31 % de la variabilité des scores sommaires de santé mentale des patients.
Conclusion: Au cours d'une étude prospective portant sur 215 patients, l'état d'un patient sur cinq correspondait au seuil de détresse psychologique. Des symptômes psychologiques ont associés significativement seulement à un litige en cours, à la fois selon les scores sommaires de fonction physique SF-36 et les scores de santé mentale. D'autres recherches s'imposent pour savoir si les patients victimes d'un traumatisme orthopédique bénéficieraient d'un dépistage et d'interventions précoces portant sur la psychopathologie comorbide.
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