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. 2008:2008:582837.
doi: 10.1155/2008/582837.

Progress in understanding and sequencing the genome of Brassica rapa

Chang Pyo Hong  1 , Soo-Jin Kwon, Jung Sun Kim, Tae-Jin Yang, Beom-Seok Park, Yong Pyo Lim
Affiliations

Progress in understanding and sequencing the genome of Brassica rapa

Chang Pyo Hong et al. Int J Plant Genomics. 2008.

Abstract

Brassica rapa, which is closely related to Arabidopsis thaliana, is an important crop and a model plant for studying genome evolution via polyploidization. We report the current understanding of the genome structure of B. rapa and efforts for the whole-genome sequencing of the species. The tribe Brassicaceae, which comprises ca. 240 species, descended from a common hexaploid ancestor with a basic genome similar to that of Arabidopsis. Chromosome rearrangements, including fusions and/or fissions, resulted in the present-day "diploid" Brassica species with variation in chromosome number and phenotype. Triplicated genomic segments of B. rapa are collinear to those of A. thaliana with InDels. The genome triplication has led to an approximately 1.7-fold increase in the B. rapa gene number compared to that of A. thaliana. Repetitive DNA of B. rapa has also been extensively amplified and has diverged from that of A. thaliana. For its whole-genome sequencing, the Brassica rapa Genome Sequencing Project (BrGSP) consortium has developed suitable genomic resources and constructed genetic and physical maps. Ten chromosomes of B. rapa are being allocated to BrGSP consortium participants, and each chromosome will be sequenced by a BAC-by-BAC approach. Genome sequencing of B. rapa will offer a new perspective for plant biology and evolution in the context of polyploidization.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Genetic relationship of the different diploid and amphidiploid Brassica species. 1C, 1C nuclear DNA content (pg); GS, genome size (Mbp) [3, 4].
Figure 2
Figure 2
An example of a comparative map of Arabidopsis and Brassica. (a) Collinearity between genomic segments of the two species and genome triplication of Brassica revealed by comparative genetic mapping. (b) Synteny of genes in a triplicated genomic region of Brassica.
Figure 3
Figure 3
An example of an alignment of linkage group 1 in the reference genetic map to the corresponding chromosome 5 through FISH using locus-specific BAC clones.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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