Prospective study to assess risk factors for pelvic floor dysfunction after delivery

Abstract

Background: To identify obstetric risk factors for de novo pelvic floor disorders after vaginal delivery.

Methods: Antenatally asymptomatic women who delivered vaginally were interviewed on urinary, anal and sexual disorders antenatally, 6 and 12 months postpartum.

Results: Of 967 women, 336 were included for final analysis. Urinary symptoms occurred in 27 and 23% of women at 6 and 12 months postpartum: univariate analysis showed a significant relation to the use of epidural analgesia (p =0.04) and to a second stage of labour >1 h (p =0.02), the latter was confirmed significant by multivariate analysis. Anal incontinence occurred in 7.1 and 6.8% of women at 6 and 12 months postpartum, respectively. Dyspareunia was reported by 24% at 6 months, decreasing to 8% at 12 months (p <0.0001).

Conclusions: Our study shows that a second stage longer than 1 h is associated with the development of postpartum urinary incontinence. Except for dyspareunia, pelvic floor dysfunction rarely resolves spontaneously.