A 21 years follow-up of a girl patient with a pseudodicentric bisatellited chromosome 22 associated with partial trisomy 22pter-->22q12.1: clinical, cytogenetic and molecular observations

Abstract

We present clinical and developmental data on a patient with a de novo recombinant pseudodicentric bisatellited chromosome 22 associated with a partial trisomy 22pter-22q12.1. The patient was evaluated at birth and followed-up until 21 years of age. Clinical findings include facial and digital dysmorphism, hydrocephalus and postnatal-onset growth deficiency. The patient showed bilateral microphthalmia with severe palpebral ptosis and coloboma of the iris and left optic nerve. She also has skeletal and neurological abnormalities, cholesteatoma and seizures. She had absence of speech, poor mobility, poor vision and required help with all daily living skills. Conventional chromosome GTG banded analysis showed that the proband had an abnormal karyotype:46,XX,add(22)(q13). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses and microsatellite markers for DNA polymorphism study ascertained the karyotype as 46,XX,add(22)(q13.3).ish psu dic(22;22)(q13.3;q12.1)(D14Z1/D22Z1++, N25++, ARSA+, PCP22q+). The recombinant chromosome was stable and present in all cells examined. The paternal origin of the psu dic(22;22) chromosome was determined by using five highly polymorphic microsatellite markers located to the region of chromosome 22q11.2-22q13.33. A 22q13.3 monosomy was ruled out with 22q13.3 cosmid probes covering the terminal 22q-140Kb. The proband carried a recombinant pseudodicentric bisatellited chromosome psu dic(22;22)(q13.3;q12.1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of such rearrangement resulting in partial trisomy 22pter-22q12.1.