[Answered and unanswered questions regarding posterior segment complications in high myopia]

Abstract

It has been challenging to treat high myopia-related macular diseases such as macular hole with retinal detachment (MHRD), myopic foveoschisis (MF), and myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV). Recent advances in basic and clinical research have enabled us to treat at least some of these cases. For instance, development of optical coherence tomography facilitates the diagnosis of MF, and MF has been found to precede MHRD formation. Vitrectomy with or without internal limiting membrane peeling is effective in treating MF and preventing consequent MHRD. Triamcinolone sub-Tenon injection and intravitreal bevacizumab is now widely used to treat mCNV. We attempt to address answered and unanswered questions regarding these diseases at present in order to understand the future tasks that we face.